Economy

San José functions as the economic and institutional heart of Costa Rica and a springboard for service exports that reach global markets. A combination of human capital, institutional stability, digital infrastructure, targeted incentives, and industry clustering creates an environment where services — from software and business process outsourcing to professional and creative services — can be packaged, delivered, and scaled to many markets beyond Costa Rica’s borders.Core competitive advantages that enable scalabilityConcentrated talent and education pipeline. San José is home to the nation’s top universities and technical institutes, which consistently turn out professionals in engineering, computer science, business administration, and…

Mexico offers deep trade and investment linkages with global partners and a diversified domestic market. That makes long-term contracts — infrastructure concessions, multi-year supply agreements, project finance loans, and energy offtake deals — commercially attractive. At the same time, such contracts are exposed to two related macro risks:Currency risk: shifts in the Mexican peso (MXN) relative to major billing currencies, most often the US dollar, can alter the actual worth of both payments and returns.Inflation risk: sustained increases in overall price levels gradually diminish fixed-rate income streams while pushing up local expenses tied to labor, materials, utilities, and taxes.The Bank…

Institutional capital refers to large, professional sources of funding such as venture capital firms with institutional limited partners, pension-plan-backed venture arms, late-stage growth funds, corporate venture groups and family offices that operate at scale. In Toronto’s market these investors include domestic VC firms (seed through growth), the VC arms of major pension funds and global funds that regularly co-invest. Institutional investors bring large checks, formal due diligence, governance expectations and performance targets that differ sharply from angel or seed investors.Why Toronto is significantToronto stands as Canada’s largest tech hub, supported by a dense pool of talent (University of Toronto, the…

Foreign direct investment (FDI) plays a vital role in Canada’s economy, yet Ottawa manages a careful balance between openness and protective review. Investors need to grasp a dual reality: Canada generally embraces incoming capital, employment opportunities and technological advances, while applying focused oversight when matters of national interest, security or strategic sovereignty emerge. This article outlines the governing legal structure, highlights the strategic sectors drawing official attention, offers practical guidance for navigating the process, notes expected timelines and provides examples to assist foreign buyers in planning transactions involving Canadian assets.The legal and institutional frameworkInvestment Canada Act (ICA): The ICA governs…